Domestic gas-burner



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-$heet 1.

J. W. CULMER. DOMESTIC GAS BURNER.

No. 462,893. Patented Nov. 10, 1891.

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I I I I (No Model.) s SheetsSheet 2.

J. W. GULMER.

DOMESTIC GAS BURNER.

No. 462,893. Patented Nov. 10, 1891.

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(No Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. W. OULMERL DOMESTIC GAS BURNER.

Patented Nov. 10,1891.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN CULME R, OF NElV BRIGHTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

DOMESTIC GAS-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 462,893, dated November10, 1891.

Application filed November 20, 1889. Serial No. 330,942. (No model.)

To all whom itmcty concern.-

Be it known that I, J OHN WoonEUE CUL- MER, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at New Brighton, in the county of Beaver and State ofPennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in DomesticGas-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

Myinvention relates to what are known as domestic gas-burners, and theparticular matters of my improvements will be specifically pointed outin the claims concluding this specification.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical front view of asuperheating burner embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a verticalcross-sectional view of the same, and Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectionalview of the lower portion of the same. Fig. 4 is an enlarged verticaltransverse sectional View, showing the lower parts of reservoir,supplypipe, con11ecting-pipe,and burner.

I construct of any approved material and by the ordinary methods, butpreferably of cast-iron, the fire-back or reservoir 1 of a formapproximating that shown in Fig. 2 that is, with its upper portionenlarged. I provide it with threaded apertures or openings forattachment to pipes or fittings, one such opening at or near the top ateach end, as shown at 2 2 and one such opening ator near the bottom ateither end or upon the bottom, as shown at 0 9'. I construct the burnerproper 23 with a base 10,'fitted for the reception of gas pipes orfittings at either end, as shown at 3 3", and having its outer facemachined at an angle approximating forty-five degrees to the horizontalline of the hearth or floor. I construct a top 11 for this burner,having its lower surface machined to form a close joint with the uppersurface of the base 10 and having its upper surface formed with a seriesof corrugations 12 12, transversely to its greatest length. I then bymeans of a thin mill or saw produce a series of slits 7 7 through theupper portion of these corrugations. I fit this top 11 to the base 10and attach it thereto by means of screws or rivets. I connect the pipes12 2 to their openings 2 2" in the upper portion of. the reser voir. Ipass the lower end of said pipes through their propenopenings 3 3" inthe back of the base 10 and make them fast by means of nuts orscrew-washers within said back and attach the top 11 by means of itsscrews or rivets. I connect the supply-pipe 17 to its proper opening 9and attach the other end of said supply-pipe 17 to the gassupply bymeans of the mixer S.

I construct the case 4. of sheet or cast metal. of a form to inclose onall sides, except the front, the devices already described. This case,when to be used in the ordinary fireplace, I flange upon the two sidesand top, as shown, to hide the edges of the ordinary easing surroundingthe grate. The sides are flared outwardly from the back to the saidflange, so that while closely surrounding the reservoir 1 at the backthey extend to the jambs of the fire-place in front. is curved upwardlyand outwardly from the top of its reservoir 1 to the flange at the top.I provide 'this case 4- with the slot 5, extending across the upper partof the curved portion and connecting with the flue or chimney of thefire-place. I fit to this slot the studs 13, fitted for the reception ofa rod, pivots or pins, and I cover the slot with the damper 5, providedwith pins to hinge into the studs 13 and with a handle for manipulation,and this damper 5 is adjusted to such a point as will permit the exitfrom the room into the flue or chimney of the products of combustionrising in front of the superheating-reservoir, the damper for thispurpose being hinged so as to stand outward from the casing and act as ahood to catch and direct The back.

such products into the exit-opening at the upper part of the overhangingcase.

I construct upon the bottom of the ease I the studs 16 and fit into themthe deflector C, as shown, constructing said deflector of a curved crosssectiou and arranging it so, relatively to the pivot 16, that as itsouter edge 19 is raised from the hearth the inner edge 18 is broughtcloser to the lower portion of the burner 3.

The completed device is placed in any fireplace or stove from which thegrate has been removed, the supply-pipe 17 is connected to thegas-supply by means of the mixer 8, and the gas being turned on islighted at the slits 7 in the corrugations 12 of the burner The heatarising from combustion heats the reservoir 1, and the combined air andgas are heated before combustion, as the combined gases enter thereservoir 1 at its bottom, and as the contained volume therein islargely in excess of the volume within the burner 3 such 5 combinedgases are subject to great heat and considerable expansion and are morethoroughly mixed and combined thanby any other process heretofore used,and the result is more nearly perfect combustion and greater economy ingas. The damper 5 is closed to such an extent as to permit the exit onlyof the deleterious gases, and the deflector C is adjusted to assure thatthe draft of air flowing under its outer edge 19 shall impinge in a thinsheet upon the lower edge of the burner 3, that combustion may beobtained with the least possible quantity of free air, thus assuring theleast possible quantity of dissociated nitrogen and the least volume ofheated waste gases.

The deflector O is preferably formed like a'trough, which with itsconvex side down is hinged in front of and just above the baseplate ofthe burner and extends horizontally across the entire front of thefire-place, so as to form an open space between it and the base.Therelation of the inner edge of this deflector to the burner and to thebase-plate is such as to cause it to act as a valve to open or topartially close said space at the lower edge of the burner, as may bedesired. hen the outer edge of this deflector is raised to its greatestheight, the inner edge is brought down to the lowest point of combustionon the inclined burner. The flow of. air to the burner beneath thedeflector, when so set, is arrested, so that onlya thin sheet of air iscaused to pass under the inner end of the deflector and impinge upon theflame. In this adjustment of the deflector the supply of air to theflame is designed to be sufficient to insure perfect combustion. Thegreat volume of air passing along the floor to the burner is by such.adjustment deflected upwardat the outer edge of the deflector, andrising in front of the fire to the ceiling is thereby caused to descendat another part of the room, and the circulation is thus caused to bekept up by the displacement. due to the volume of air constantly risingin front of the fire at the outer edge of the deflector.

here it is inconvenient or impossible to so arrange my device that theheat from the burner 3 mayimpinge against the reservoir 1, I stillintroduce the said reservoir between the inflow-pipe for mixed air andgas and the burner to the end that said air and gas may have a greatlylarger space in which to complete their mixing and may arise at theburner in a more fit state for perfect combustion.

I do not confine myself to the exact forms and constructions shownherein, but may modify them to suit special circumstances.

By having the superheating-reservoir increasing in width or depth towardits upper end, and consequently presenting an overhanging surface to theburner, the heat from said burner will strike. the face of saidreservoir with certainty and will effectually heat the same. As themixed air and gas become heated, they rise and stand in the reservoirand will have free room to expand in the enlarged upper portion withoutdanger of exploding the same, which might happen in a reservoir havingthe same dimensions at top and bottom.

The mixed and superheated air and gas will have a free outlet from thereservoir through the two pipes 2, entering both ends of the top of thesame, and will, as said pipes enter both ends of the said burner, bethoroughly distributed in the same.

will provide a large number of burning-orifices for the air and gas,which may be easily made in the manufacture of the burner and;

easily cleaned when they become clogged under use.

hat I claim as my. invention, andv desire to secure by Letters Patent,is

1. In a fire-place gas-burner, the combination, with a burner having anupwardly-inclined burner-surface, of a deflector pivoted at the base ofthe burner and arranged to form an under space and to regulate theVolume and direct the air in a thin sheet upon the flame at the lowestpoint of combustion, substantially as described, for the purpose stated.

2. In a superheating gas-burner, the combination, with a supply-pipe forthe supply of mixed air and combustible gas, a heater to heat such mixedgases, and a burner connected with said heater by means of suitablepipes, of an inclosing ca ltted for the reception of said devices andprovided with an adjustable damper for the exit of the products ofcombustion and a deflector for regulating the admission of free air, asshown and described, and for the purpose set forth.

In a fire-place gas burner, the combination, witha burner having anupwardly and rearwardly inclined burner-surface, and a fireplace casinghaving an upwardly and. frontwardly curved upper portion overhangingsaid burner, provided with an opening at its top extending across thefire-place, of an external damper arranged to arrest and, direct theoutflow of the rising products, of combustion through said'opening, anda reservoir for superheating the inflowing gas and air, having anupwardly and frontwardly inclined heating-surface, the said parts havingthe relation described, for the purpose stated.

4. In a superheating gas-burner, the combination, with a burner, of asuperheatingreservoir arranged above and to the rear of said burner,formed with an enlarged upper portion overhanging said burner andprovided with a supply-pipe at its bottom and with pipes extending fromits upper portion to said burner, substantially as described.

5. In a superheating gas-burner, the combination of a burner having aninclined apertured front or top,a horizontal bottom, and a verticalback, a superheating-reservoir arranged above and to the rear of saidburner and having a suitable supply-pipe in its lower portion and pipesextending from the upper portion of said reservoir and entering the backof said burner, substantially as described.

6. In a snperheating gas-burner, the 00111- bination of a burner havingan inclined apertured front or top, a horizontal bottom, and a verticalback, a snperheatirig-reservoir arranged above and to the rear of saidburner, having upwardly-diverging front and back walls and overhangingsaid burner with its front wall, a supply-pipe and mixer entering thelower portion of said reservoir, and pipes extending from theupperportion of said reservoir into the back of said burner,snbstantially as described.

7. In a super-heating gas-burner, the combination of a burner having aninclined apertu red front or top and a snperheating-reservoir arrangedabove and to the rear of said burner, provided with a snpplypipe formixed air and gas and having pipes extending from its upper portion intosaid burner, with a curved deflector pivoted at its convex lower face atthe forward edge ofsaid burner to leave an air-passage under said faceand between it and said edge of the burner, substantially as described.

8. In a snperheating gas-burner, the combination of a casing havingflaring sides and a rounded convex top formed with a transverse slotnear its upper edge and a hinged damper for said slot, with the burnerin the bottom of said casing and a snperheating-reservoir arrangedwithin said casing above and to the rear of said burner and having anenlarged overhanging upper portion, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing 5

